Seven questions for every game page
The key to this order is not an impression or a brand’s reputation but something you can check yourself: how many types of data the maker publishes on the game’s own official page – no login, no guesswork.
On 12 October 2026 we opened two official game pages for each studio. Sites built as JavaScript apps were rendered in an ordinary browser. We counted only what was actually visible on the page. Each page faced the same seven questions:
- RTP – does the studio state the game’s theoretical return?
- RTP versions – does it also list the lower variants a casino may receive?
- Volatility – does the game carry a volatility label or number on any scale?
- Max win – is the cap given as a multiple of the stake or as an amount?
- Hit frequency – can you find the share of rounds that pay something?
- Release date – can you tell when the game came out?
- Demo – can you launch the game for free right on the studio’s site?
Each “yes” adds one point; ties are broken alphabetically. The full process for handling numbers is set out in our ranking methodology.
Status as of 12 October 2026.
Ten makers from the lobby, from 7/7 down to 2/7
Only studios with games in the Dukat.bet lobby on 12 October 2026 made the table. The “Data count” column is the number of information types published, not a quality grade. A 7/7 studio does not make better games than a 2/7 one – it simply tells you more about them before you pay for the first round.
| # | Studio | RTP | RTP versions | Volatility | Max win | Hit freq. | Release date | Demo | Data count | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kalamba | yes | yes | yes (x/10) | yes | yes | yes | yes | 7/7 | studio’s official site |
| 2 | BGaming | yes | no | yes (words) | yes | yes | yes | yes | 6/7 | studio’s official site |
| 2 | NetEnt | yes | no | yes (label from σ-index) | yes | yes | yes | yes | 6/7 | studio’s official site |
| 2 | Red Tiger | yes | no | yes (label from σ-index) | yes | yes | yes | yes | 6/7 | studio’s official site |
| 5 | Hacksaw | yes | yes | yes (x/5) | yes | no | no | yes | 5/7 | studio’s official site |
| 5 | PG Soft | yes | no | yes (words) | yes | no | no | yes | 5/7 | studio’s official site |
| 7 | Thunderkick | yes | no | yes (words) | yes, no unit | no | no | yes | 4/7 | studio’s official site |
| 8 | Endorphina | yes | no | yes (words) | no | no | no | yes | 3/7 | studio’s official site |
| 9 | Playson | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | 2/7 | studio’s official site |
| 9 | Pragmatic Play | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | 2/7 | studio’s official site |
An equal total means an equal position, which is why three studios share second place and the next position is fifth.
Read the volatility column with care, too. “Yes” only says the figure exists – the scales cannot be compared across makers. Kalamba uses a ten-step scale, Hacksaw a five-step one, NetEnt and Red Tiger derive a word label from a numeric σ-index, and the rest use words alone. How to interpret these scales is covered in the guide on reading the columns of our top lists.
What each studio’s website revealed
We give founding years and headquarters only as each studio states them.
1. Kalamba
Making games since December 2016, with companies in Malta and Kraków. The only studio of the ten to tick all seven boxes: per game it lists several RTP variants with a range, volatility on a scale up to 10, the win cap by stake size and the hit frequency. On one of the two pages the variants table failed to render during our check – verify it for the specific game.
2. BGaming
The brand officially launched in 2018, though the team says it has been working since 2012; it gives Valletta, Malta, as its base. Volatility is in words, plus a “Hit Rate” – but with no unit. On one page the headline and the game-details block contradict each other on both RTP and volatility, so we do not use those figures.
2. NetEnt
Active since 1996 and part of the Evolution group since 2020. Its page template matches Red Tiger’s. Volatility appears as an icon with a label calculated from the σ-index.
2. Red Tiger
Founded in 2014, it moved under Evolution together with NetEnt in 2020; the site footer names the group’s Maltese company. The data is almost complete – only the list of lower RTP versions is missing.
5. Hacksaw
Started in 2018, with the parent company in Stockholm and the licensed operating company in Malta. One of the few that lists every RTP version it supplies to casinos. Hit frequency and release date, however, are absent.
5. PG Soft
Founded 2015, address in Valletta. It calls volatility “Session Volatility” and labels the win cap “Maximum Win”. No release date; the demo is embedded right in the page.
7. Thunderkick
Founded 2012, Stockholm plus a Maltese subsidiary. It gives the cap as “Max exposure” with no unit – we counted it, but the page never says what the number actually means.
8. Endorphina
On the market “since 2012”, based in Malta. It shows RTP, volatility in words and a demo. Not the maximum win – only the payouts of individual symbols.
9. Playson
Its “About us” page prints no founding year, only “14 years in the business”; headquarters are in Sliema, Malta. Game pages show the release date and a demo, but no RTP at all.
9. Pragmatic Play
The official site gives no founding year and names Gibraltar as its base. Beyond RTP and the demo you get only a game description; the cap occasionally surfaces in the text, never as a separate figure.
Three assigned studios and why they are not in the ten
Novomatic, Push Gaming and Wazdan have their own pages. We do not add them to the table, but for comparison here is how they would fare on the same seven questions.
Novomatic is in the Dukat.bet lobby. Its online division, Greentube, does not show RTP publicly, though – the return line is replaced by a prompt for clients to log in. Volatility is a bare number with no scale, and the demo requires a login. As a rough guide, that would be about 1/7. Details are on the Novomatic studio page.
Push Gaming would score 5/7: two RTP versions per game, volatility in words, a “highest observed win” and a demo behind an age gate. As of 12 October 2026, however, Dukat.bet does not list it among its providers. Which of its mechanics have a similar counterpart in the lobby is described on the Push Gaming studio page.
Wazdan would also reach 5/7 – RTP, cap, release date, demo and volatility in words. On that date Dukat.bet’s provider roster does not include it either. More on the Wazdan studio page.
Put simply: a well-documented studio does you no good if its games are not in the lobby.
Makers we could not count
The most notable case is Booongo. Its games are in the lobby, but on 12 October 2026 its official site returned error 522 and would not load. Without an official page there is nothing to count – we do not take figures from review sites.
Novomatic sits outside the table because it hides part of its data behind a client login, so any total would only be approximate. Push Gaming and Wazdan failed the first condition – being in the lobby.
The ten are not the full Dukat.bet provider roster. A missing maker is not a worse one – we simply did not measure it this round.
An open page does not mean a more generous game
The data count measures how much you learn in advance – not RTP level, fairness, entertainment or payouts. Playson at 2/7 may have a game with a higher RTP than Kalamba at 7/7 – its website just won’t tell you.
Even a studio that lists a single RTP supplies lower variants to casinos – one number on the website does not mean no other version exists. Which version you are actually playing is shown in the game’s own rules screen.
Model calculation with invented amounts – not Dukat.bet data:
Picture 400 spins at 0.50 EUR, which is 200 EUR in total stakes. On a game version with 96% RTP the theoretical loss is 8 EUR; on the 88% version it is 24 EUR. A studio that publishes both versions lets you see that gap before you play. Within one session, though, it changes nothing – 400 spins can end 120 EUR down or in profit, because RTP only shows over a huge number of rounds.
A higher number in our table is therefore a reason to trust the information, not a tip on what to play.